RELATION OF MAXILLARY SINUS FLOOR AND ROOT APICES OF MAXILLARY FIRST MOLAR IN SAGITTAL AND VERTICAL SKELETAL PATTERNS USING CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SCANNING

M SHAH; MI RAHBAR

doi:10.54112/pjicm.v5i02.172

Authors

M SHAH Department of Orthodontics, Fatima Memorial Hospital Lahore, Pakistan
MI RAHBAR Department of Orthodontics, Fatima Memorial Hospital Lahore, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54112/pjicm.v5i02.172

Keywords:

Maxillary Sinus Floor, Maxillary First Molar Roots, Skeletal Patterns, CBCT, ANB Angle, SN-MP Angle

Abstract

Background: The anatomical proximity between the maxillary sinus floor (MSF) and the root apices of the maxillary first molar has important clinical implications for endodontic, orthodontic, and surgical procedures. Variations in skeletal patterns may influence this relationship, potentially affecting treatment outcomes. Objective: To determine the correlation between the distances from the root apices of the maxillary first molar to the maxillary sinus floor on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in different sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Orthodontics, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. Duration of Study: From 16th November 2024 to 16th May 2025. Methods: A total of 41 patients aged 18–50 years of both genders were included. Subjects had fully developed and intact maxillary first molars with no history of orthodontic treatment, trauma, surgery, or craniofacial deformities. Patients with dental anomalies, syndromes, or root resorption were excluded. Participants were classified into sagittal (Class I, II, III) and vertical (hypo-, normo-, hyperdivergent) skeletal patterns. CBCT scans were analyzed using NNT software to measure the vertical distances from the mesiobuccal, distobuccal, and palatal root apices to the MSF. Data were analyzed using Spearman's correlation to assess associations with ANB and SN-MP angles. Results: The mean age of participants was 34.46 ± 9.74 years; 24 (58.5%) were male and 17 (41.5%) female. Most had Class I sagittal (48.8%) and normodivergent vertical (68.3%) skeletal patterns. The mesiobuccal root was closest to the MSF (3.33 ± 1.69 mm), followed by the distobuccal (3.49 ± 2.07 mm) and palatal roots (2.38 ± 1.97 mm). No statistically significant correlation was found between root–MSF distances and sagittal or vertical skeletal patterns (p > 0.05). Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between the root apices of the maxillary first molar and the maxillary sinus floor across sagittal or vertical skeletal patterns. The mesiobuccal root was the closest to the MSF, and younger patients tended to have shorter root–sinus distances.

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