EFFECTS OF SODIUM GLUCOSE COTRANSPORTER-2 INHIBITORS ON SERUM URIC ACID LEVELS IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

A RAOOF; SBH RIZVI; F NASIR

doi:10.54112/pjicm.v5i01.227

Authors

A RAOOF Aziz Bhatti Shaheed Teaching Hospital, Gujrat, Pakistan
SBH RIZVI Aziz Bhatti Shaheed Teaching Hospital, Gujrat, Pakistan
F NASIR Aziz Bhatti Shaheed Teaching Hospital, Gujrat, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54112/pjicm.v5i01.227

Keywords:

Chronic Kidney Disease; Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors; Serum Uric Acid; Hyperuricemia; Dapagliflozin; Renal Outcomes

Abstract

Background: Hyperuricemia is highly prevalent among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with accelerated renal progression and increased cardiovascular risk. Sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have demonstrated renoprotective and uric acid–lowering benefits in large cardiovascular and renal outcome trials; however, data from low- and middle-income populations with CKD remain limited. Objective: To determine the impact of SGLT2 inhibitor therapy on serum uric acid levels in patients with chronic kidney disease. Study Design: Quasi-experimental study. Setting: Department of Medicine, tertiary care hospital. Duration of Study: 19 March to 19 June 2025. Methods: A total of 171 patients with established CKD were enrolled. All participants received dapagliflozin-based therapy and were followed for three months. Serum uric acid levels were measured at baseline and at the end of the follow-up period. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-tests to compare pre- and post-treatment uric acid levels, while independent t-tests and chi-square tests were applied for subgroup comparisons. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean baseline serum uric acid level was 7.32 ± 0.46 mg/dL. After three months of therapy, the mean reduction in serum uric acid was 0.70 ± 0.20 mg/dL. The proportion of patients achieving serum uric acid levels ≤7 mg/dL increased significantly from 39.8% at baseline to 70.8% after treatment (χ² = 29.6, p < 0.001). Greater reductions were observed among male patients, those with a body mass index <30 kg/m², those with CKD stage 3, and those with shorter disease duration. Conclusion: SGLT2 inhibitor therapy was associated with a significant reduction in serum uric acid levels among patients with CKD. These findings support the metabolic and potential renoprotective benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors and their broader role in the comprehensive management of chronic kidney disease.

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